Association between alcohol use and inflammatory biomarkers over time among younger adults with HIV-The Russia ARCH Observational Study
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Date
2019-08-22
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PLoS One
Abstract
Background
Biomarkers of monocyte activation (soluble CD14 [sCD14]), inflammation (interleukin-6 [IL-6]), and altered coagulation (D-dimer) are associated with increased mortality risk in people with HIV. The objective of the Russia Alcohol Research Collaboration on HIV/AIDS (ARCH) study was to evaluate the association between heavy alcohol use and inflammatory biomarkers over time.
Methods
The study sought antiretroviral therapy naive participants with HIV (n = 350) and assessed them at baseline, 12 and 24 months. Linear mixed effects models were used to determine whether heavy drinking (self-report augmented by phosphatidylethanol [PEth], an alcohol biomarker) was longitudinally associated with IL-6, sCD14 and D-dimer adjusting for potential confounders (e.g., demographics, HIV factors, comorbid conditions).
Results
Participants' baseline characteristics were as follows: 71% male; mean age of 34 years; 87% self-reported hepatitis C; and 86% current smokers. Mean log(10) (HIV RNA) was 4.3 copies/mL. Heavy alcohol use, based on National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism risky drinking criteria and PEth (versus non-heavy alcohol use) was associated with higher sCD14 (adjusted mean difference 125 ng/mL [95% CI: 42, 209]), IL-6 (ratio of means 1.35 [95% CI: 1.17, 1.55] pg/mL), and D-dimer (ratio of means 1.20 [95% CI: 1.06, 1.37] ug/mL) across the two-year follow-up.
Conclusion
Among HIV+ adults, current heavy alcohol use is associated with higher sCD14, IL-6 and D-dimer over time. Since these biomarkers are associated with mortality, interventions to mitigate effects of heavy drinking on these immune processes merit consideration.
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Only Vanderbilt University affiliated authors are listed on VUIR. For a full list of authors, access the version of record at https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0219710
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Citation
So-Armah KA, Cheng DM, Freiberg MS, Gnatienko N, Patts G, Ma Y, et al. (2019) Association between alcohol use and inflammatory biomarkers over time among younger adults with HIV—The Russia ARCH Observational Study. PLoS ONE 14(8): e0219710. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0219710